![]() Where do interpolation and extrapolation come from? That’s extrapolation: you don’t know what the value will be with certainty, but you can make a good guess based on what you know about the nature of the sequence (or the trajectory of the curve). So, to give a very simplified example, if a set of values includes 2, 4, 6, and 8, you might conclude that-if the curve were to continue in the same way-the next value would be 10. In math and data science, extrapolation involves estimating the value of a variable or function outside an observed range. The general sense of the base verb, extrapolate, is more commonly used and is similar to infer and deduce. Most generally, extrapolation means something similar to deduction-the act of making a conclusion about something unknown based on known information. Determining a value in such a way can be called interpolating. In other words, an unknown value within the sequence is determined based on what else is in the sequence. ![]() In this sense, interpolation involves determining a function’s value based on the value of other points. Interpolation is perhaps more commonly used in the context of math and data science. Interpolation is often used in relation to texts, especially historical texts, to refer to the introduction of text within previously existing portions. The general sense of its verb form, interpolate, is similar in meaning to words like interject or interpose. ![]() Interpolation, in the most general sense, is the act of introducing something extra (additional or extraneous) between other parts. Mathematically speaking, interpolation is the process of determining an unknown value within a sequence based on other points in that set, while extrapolation is the process of determining an unknown value outside of a set based on the existing “curve.” What is interpolation? In a general sense, interpolation refers to inserting something between other things, while extrapolation refers to the act of making a conclusion about something unknown based on what is known. In this article, we’ll discuss their more specific technical usage (hint: it tends to involve data sequences), cover the meanings of the base verbs interpolate and extrapolate, and provide some tips to help you remember the difference. Each term is used slightly differently depending on whether it’s being used generally or in the context of math and data science. The words interpolation and extrapolation may sound super technical, but they’re actually not all that complicated.
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